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Fig. 149: Public user visits, 2015 to 2022, split into onsite, remote and MX sample transport reimbursement. N.B. Figures for 2022

are up to 31 December; they do not include the user visits that will continue to take place in the remainder of 2022/II.

Fig. 148: Number of shifts requested, allocated and delivered, 2015 to 2022. N.B. Beamtime delivered for 2022 is up to 31 December; it does not include the beamtime that will

continue to be provided in the remainder of 2022/II.

Fig. 150: Number of publications appearing in refereed journals reporting on data collected either partially or wholly at the ESRF, 2015 to 2022. The number of publications for 2022 is not final at the time of going to press.

In certain fields, users exploited the remote access capabilities that were implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic to allow the facility to continue its research programme. This was particularly the case for MX and commercial users, but also for short or feasibility test measurements. In addition, users exploited the possibility to carry out hybrid experiments, which is the name given to experiments with a mix of onsite and remote users. Only essential participants needed to come onsite, while other team members participated remotely.

The annual number of public experimental sessions and user visits since 2015 are shown in Figure 147. In 2022, 25% of all public user visits were remote, down from 46% in 2021, and 30% of all public experimental sessions were carried out fully remotely, i.e., with no onsite users (compared to 48% in 2021). A further 12% were carried out in hybrid mode. The great majority of fully remote public sessions (95%) were for MX experiments. The growth in the number of remote user visits can be observed in Figure 149, as well as the number of sample dewars paid for in place of user travel for structural biology experiments.

The yearly ESRF publication statistics are shown in Figure 150; these are publications accepted in peer- reviewed journals that result from data taken either wholly or partially at the ESRF, or which include ESRF staff as authors. The yearly publication output from the ESRF is typically at a level of over 1800, with more than 400 every year published in high impact factor journals (IF > 7). The figure clearly reveals the expected impact on publication output of the 18-month dark period for users in 2019-2020 for the ESRF-EBS upgrade, along with the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. At the time of going to press, 1168 publications had so far been registered for 2022, including 415 in high impact factor journals, and this figure will continue to evolve well into 2023.