BM28
Synopsis
XMaS is a materials science research beamline dedicated to the study of functional materials in situ and/or in operando conditions. It offers a wide range of techniques, sample environments and detectors, facilitating studies of soft and hard condensed matter, physical chemistry, as well as solid and liquid interfaces.Disciplines
- Physics
- Materials and Engineering
- Environmental Sciences
- Cultural Heritage
- Chemistry
- Medicine
Applications
- Magnetic sensors and recording media
- Semiconductor industry
- Aerospace
- Catalysis
- Energy storage
- Solar cells
- Medical physics (cancer treatment)
- Preservation of cultural heritage
- Dental care
Techniques
- EXAFS - extended X-ray absorption fine structure
- GID - grazing incidence diffraction
- GISAXS - grazing incidence small-angle scattering
- GIWAXS - grazing incidence wide angle X-ray scattering
- Magnetic diffraction
- Polarisation analysis
- Resonant diffraction
- REXS - resonant elastic X-ray scattering
- SAXS - small-angle X-ray scattering
- SXRD - surface X-ray diffraction
- WAXS - wide-angle X-ray scattering
- X-ray scattering
- XAFS - X-ray absorption fine structure
- XANES - X-ray absorption near-edge structure
- XAS - X-ray absorption spectroscopy
- XRD - X-ray diffraction
- XRF - X-ray fluorescence
- XRR - X-ray reflectivity
Energy range
- 2.04 - 47.0 keV
Beam size
- Minimum (H x V) : 10.0 x 10.0 µm²
- Maximum (H x V) : 100.0 x 100.0 µm²
Sample environments
- AC and DC electric fields
- 4 T magnetic field
- 1 K to 800 K sample environment
- Electrochemistry
Detectors
- Avalanche photo-diodes
- Scintillators
- Photodiodes
- Ionisation chambers
- Single photon counting pixel 2D detectors (Pilatus3 300k, Pilatus3 1M, Maxipix 2x2, Lambda 750k CdTe)
- MAR CCD camera
Technical details
The XMaS beamline can be operated in 2 different modes: (1) focused and monochromatic beam (2.035-47 keV), (2) unfocused and monochromatic beam (5-48 keV). A third mode, white beam, is not yet implemented. At present, the beamline mostly uses a focused and monochromatic beam. The available techniques are: scattering (GI-SAXS, GI-WAXS), diffraction (XRD, SXRD, REXS, XRMS) and spectroscopy (XAS, i.e. XANES and EXAFS). Included in a wide range of sample environments, XMaS also possesses a special cryostat and pumping system especially dedicated to actinides and transuranics, such as depleted uranium, plutonium, neptunium and curium. X-ray scattering modes include resonant, non-resonant and magnetic scattering. X-ray reflectivity (XRR) and magnetic reflectivity (XRMR) measurements are also possible.
[1] Beamline paper: S.D. Brown et al., Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 8 (2001) 1172-1.
[2] Phase-plates: L. Bouchenoire et al., Nucl. Inst. & Methods A 566 (2006) 733-738.
[3] Phase-plates: L. Bouchenoire et al., J. Synchrotron Rad., 10 (2003) 172-176.